Elham Afzali

PhD in Statistics, University of Manitoba

I completed my Ph.D. in the Department of Statistics at the University of Manitoba, under the supervision of Dr. Liqun Wang and Dr. Saman Muthukumarana. My academic path has been shaped by a strong foundation in statistical theory, computational methods, and machine learning, built upon an M.Sc. in Mathematical Statistics from the University of Tehran and a B.Sc. in Statistics from Allameh Tabataba'i University in Iran.

My research focuses on developing robust and interpretable statistical methods for intractable models, particularly in the context of Bayesian inference, Stein discrepancies, and kernel-based model evaluation. With over eight years of combined academic and professional experience, I have led the development and implementation of statistical and machine learning solutions across diverse domains, including neuroscience, genomics, biomedical research, time-series forecasting, and archeology.

Research Interests

Statistical Machine Learning • Kernel & Stein Methods • Bayesian Inference • Gradient-Free Diagnostics • High-Dimensional & Multimodal Data • Computational Statistics • Robust & Interpretable Modelling • Applied Data Science

My work sits at the intersection of theoretical statistics and modern machine learning. I design kernel-based techniques and Bayesian frameworks that remain reliable in high-dimensional, multimodal, and noisy data settings. Current projects focus on (i) developing weighting and regularization schemes that safeguard type-I error and recover latent structure, (ii) crafting fast, gradient-free diagnostics for complex models, and (iii) building open-source Python toolkits that make these methods easy to deploy. I translate rigorous methodology into decision-ready insights for health analytics, financial risk, and environmental monitoring. By uniting rigorous mathematics with modern computing, I deliver reliable, interpretable solutions for complex, real-world data.

Publications

Peer-Reviewed Publications

Navigating interpretability and alpha control in GF-KCSD testing with measurement error: A Kernel approach

Afzali E., Muthukumarana S., Wang L. (2024). “Navigating interpretability and alpha control in GF-KCSD testing with measurement error: A Kernel approach.” Machine Learning with Applications.

Gradient-Free Kernel Conditional Stein Discrepancy goodness of fit testing

Afzali E. & Muthukumarana S. (2023). “Gradient-Free Kernel Conditional Stein Discrepancy goodness of fit testing." Machine Learning with Applications.

Hybrid VAR-LSTM Networks Modeling and Forecasting COVID-19 Data in Canada

Afzali E., Adegoke A., Jin Z., Qiu W., Wang L,. (2021). “Hybrid VAR-LSTM Networks Modeling and Forecasting COVID-19 Data in Canada." Statistical Society of Canada, Case Study.

Manuscripts Under Review

Correcting Mode Proportion Bias in Generalized Bayesian Inference via a Weighted Kernel Stein Discrepancy

Afzali E., Muthukumarana S., Wang L. (2025). “Correcting Mode Proportion Bias in Generalized Bayesian Inference via a Weighted Kernel Stein Discrepancy".

Education

University of Manitoba

Doctor of Philosophy
Statistics

Thesis: Advanced Kernel-Based Approaches for Robust Inference in Intractable Models.

January 2020 - August 2025

University of Tehran

Master of Sicence
Mathematical Statistics

Thesis: EBSeq-HMM: A Bayesian Approach for Identifying Gene-expression Changes in Ordered RNA-Seq Experiments.

September 2014 - September 2016

Allameh Tabatab'i University

Bachelor of Science
Statistics

Dissertation: Medical Image Processing for Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Structural MRI.

September 2009 - September 2013

Teaching

Sessional Instructor

STAT 2220 - Contemporary Statistics for Engineers (184 students)

Fall 2021

STAT 2220 - Contemporary Statistics for Engineers (148 students)

Winter 2021

STAT 1000 - Basic Statistical Analysis I (248 students)

Fall 2020



Teaching Assisstant

STAT 1000 - Basic Statistical Analysis I

Winter 2022

Contemporary Statistics for Engineers

Winter 2022

STAT 1000 - Basic Statistical Analysis I

Winter 2020

STAT 1000 - Statistical help center

Winter 2020

Experience

University of Manitoba

Research Assisstant

Contributed original research at the intersection of statistical theory and machine learning, producing peer-reviewed publications and practical tools for model evaluation in complex, high-dimensional data settings.

  • Designed MS-KSD-Bayes, a density-weighted extension of KSD-Bayes that eliminates mode-proportion blindness in score-based inference while preserving posterior consistency and asymptotic normality. The new weighting scheme restores correct mode representation and markedly improves Bayesian reliability in complex multimodal settings.
  • Applied MS-KSD-Bayes to synthetic benchmarks and two real-world datasets—Galaxy velocity measurements and the lung-cancer gene-expression panel (GEO GSE68571)—demonstrating substantial accuracy gains over existing KSD-based methods in multimodal and heavy-tailed settings without compromising unimodal performance, and released an open-source Python library implementing weighted Stein-discrepancy computations to ensure full reproducibility.
  • Developed GF-KCSD, a gradient-free conditional goodness-of-fit test in RKHS, delivering theoretically grounded diagnostics when score-based methods are hindered by intractable gradients; validated its accuracy through comprehensive simulation studies and comparisons with gradient-based tests.
  • Enhanced GF-KCSD with bootstrap-calibrated critical values and a detailed measurement-error analysis, boosting interpretability and α-control. Additional simulations and a high-dimensional brain-MRI age-prediction study confirmed stable type-I error, strong power, and a three-fold speed-up over gradient-based KCSD.
  • Led the design and implementation of a hybrid VAR-LSTM deep learning model to forecast COVID-19 dynamics in Canada. By integrating classical time-series analysis (VAR) with neural networks (LSTM), the model achieved 93.07% accuracy on long-term predictions, substantially outperforming standard models.
  • Proven ability to manage multiple high-level responsibilities by independently conducting advanced methodological research, developing and evaluating statistical algorithms, and completing publication-ready work — all while maintaining full-time professional commitments and consistently meeting project deadlines.
January 2020 - Present

Lockport Archaeology Project

Data Scientist & Report Analyst
  • Served as lead analyst in an interdisciplinary project exploring historical narratives of the Lockport region, coordinating collaboration between archaeology and statistics teams.
  • Curated, cleaned, and validated large-scale archaeological datasets, ensuring data integrity and readiness for rigorous quantitative analysis.
  • Applied advanced statistical techniques and high-dimensional visualization to uncover meaningful patterns and temporal trends in complex artifact and excavation records.
  • Produced insights that bridged statistical rigor with archaeological interpretation, demonstrating the power of quantitative methods to illuminate cultural and historical contexts.
May 2022 - January 2024

Refah Bank

Data Scientist & Business Intelligence Lead, R & D Dept.
  • Led the processing and analysis of large-scale banking data to inform executive decision-making.
  • Directed the development of interactive dashboards and daily reports in Power BI and Excel, delivering critical insights on schedule.
  • Oversaw customer-analytics and data-mining initiatives using Python and SQL, guiding analysts to actionable findings.
  • Architected and managed a new data-warehouse solution and end-to-end ETL pipelines (SSIS), establishing the infrastructure for enterprise business intelligence.
Peer Reviewer, R&D Dept.
  • Reviewed academic papers and graduate theses for internal research validation and knowledge dissemination.
Human Resources BI Analyst, HR Dept.
  • Automated end-to-end HR reporting workflows, replacing manual spreadsheets with scheduled ETL jobs and interactive Power BI reports.
  • Designed and maintained real-time dashboards visualizing headcount, turnover, time-to-hire, and compensation metrics.
  • Provided ad-hoc analyses on workforce demographics, engagement surveys, and overtime costs to support strategic planning initiatives.
Quantitative Risk Analyst, Risk Dept.
  • Developed statistical risk assessments and predictive models for financial forecasting and credit-risk analysis.
January 2016 - December 2019

Entekhab Factory

Marketing Data Analyst, Marketing Dept.
  • Assisted in collecting and organizing customer data to support market-research and brand-development strategies.
  • Collaborated with marketing and analytics teams to evaluate promotional-campaign outcomes and deliver data-driven insights that enhanced customer engagement.
  • Supported reporting and visualization of customer trends using Excel and basic statistical tools.
April 2013 - September 2014

Presentations

2024

Interpretability of GF-KCSD Testing with Measurement Error. (Poster presentation)

Joint Statistical Meetings 2024 (JSM2024), Portland, USA.


2023

GF-KCSD as a Goodness-of-Fit Metric for Conditional Distributions.

Joint Statistical Meetings 2023 (JSM2023), Toronto, Canada.


Goodness-of-Fit for Conditional Distributions. (Poster presentation)

Joint Statistical Meetings 2023 (JSM2023), Toronto, Canada.


2021

COVID-19 Disease Dynamics in Canada (Poster Competition)

Statistical Society of Canada Annual Meeting — Case Studies 2021 (online).


Honors, Awards & Recognition

Professional Service & Memberships

Volenteer Journal Peer Reviewer



Professional Memberships